Phonograph pickup having a cantilever indexing arm



May 22, 1951 E. o. PETERSON ET Al. 2,554,208

PHONOGRAPH PICKUP HAVING A CENTILEVER INDEXING ARM Filed April 2, 1948 26 Eric O. PeteTsoT`a,

Carroll F2. Miner;

/0 zo )a Their@ Attorney.

Patented May 22, 1951 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PHONOGRAPH PICKUP HAVING A CANTILEVER INDEXING ARM Eric-0. Peterson, Syracuse, and Carroll R. Miner, Liverpool, N. Y., assignors to GeneralElectric Company, a corporation of New York Application April 2, 1948, Serial No. 18,648

signee of the present invention, there is-disclosed a phonograph pickup of' the reluctance type in which a stylus-is mounted on the endof a cantilever arm. A pair of' pole pieces included in a magnetic field are arranged on opposite sides of the cantilever arm so that, as the stylus is moved laterally in engagement with the phonograph record to be reproduced, theffl'ux in an associated magneticr path is variedfin accordance with the variations of the stylus. AA pair of coils associated with the magnetick structureare utilized to produce electrical currents, the frequency components of which vary in accordance with the variations of the vibrations: of the stylus caused by the record. It is an object ofthe present invention to effect certain improvements in the construction of a phonograph pickup of this type.

It is customary in such phonograph reproducers to employ a stylus of the semi-permanent type, that is, one comprising a precious jewel having a tip which is rounded so that it rides upon theside wall of the grooves of a record. It has been found, however, that, due-to the abrasive action of the material of which the record is formed, after a limited number of records have been played the sides of the tip of the stylus are i flattened so that less faithful: reproduction of a record; is obtained thereafter. Due to the fact thatt in an attemptv to minimize wear upon the stylus` and the record; themass ofthe pickup is maintained as small as: possible, heretofore it has been difficult to obtain a pickup` construction which permits., easy.y replacement of'a stylus ofv theL semi-permanenttype. Accordingly, it is a further object offour; invention-to` provide a light- WeightV pickup using.1 a1 semi-permanent stylus pointin which thestylus may-,bey easily replaced by the; user.

Itis another-object of our 'invention to provide a phonograph pickup:- which employsv a semipermanent stylus permanentlyfmounted upon the endof a cantileyerf arm1 andl in which.the.stylus assvenr1`r;-ly= maybe easily and quickly replaced.

Itf S.-;S'i 11` another object; Offl our. invention; to provide a new audimat-@vestphonograph pickupy @instruction which. a.; pairo-ff complementary:

2. molded members, which enclose the electrical current producing elements of aphonograph pickup,

are held in assembled relation by means of a re-y placeable stylus assembly.

It is a still further object of ourin-vention to provide a new and improved phonograph pickup of the variable reluctance type. which utilizesv a replaceable stylus assembly which is constructed to assure proper orientation of the stylus. with4 respect to the other operative elements of the.

pickup.

One of the features ofour improved phonograph pickup construction. is the use of'two in...l

tertting molded parts which enclose the elec tric current producing portions: of aphonograph pickup. The parts are held in assembled'relatiort` by means of a replaceable stylusf'assembly. 'I'he pickup is of the variable reluctance type and the stylus assembly includes amember positioned'. to

assure proper orientation ofxastylus and a mag.-Y netic stylus-carrying member with respect to pole pieces in the magnetic circuit of the pickup.

The novel featureswhichwe believe to be characteristic of our invention are set forth with particularity in the appended? claims. itself, however, both as toits organizationy and method of operation, together with further objects and advantages thereof, may best be under-l stood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in which Fig. 1 is asectional side elevational view of a phonographl pickup embodying our invention; Fig.l 2 is a topy plan View, partly in section, of the pickupshown in Fig. '1; Fig. 3^- is a bottom plan viewpartly in section, ofthe pickup of Fig. 1; and Fig: 4 is. an end View of ther pickup taken along thelineltfof Fig. 1.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawing, we havev illustrated our improved pickup as comprising a pair of interiitting molded members- I, 2.formed' of any suitable plastic material, opposite portions of which contain recesses. to. enclose the operative elements of the pickup. Thus, a pairY of coils 3 are supportedin a recess'4 in the base- 453 2 and extend into a complementary recess in the..

3 isprovided by -meanso-f a permanent 'magnet' 8 preferably formed of-a suitablealuminum-nickelcobalt alloy and is supported in a hole 9: formed in the molded base: member 2'.

Our invention.

The. yokes-- 5; lv andilaminations 1 likewise-Earle supportedibv plas-. 4

ing the lower ends of these members into suitable recesses provided in the base member 2. A pair of pole pieces ID associated with respective ones of the coils 3 are cemented into suitable apertures provided in the base member 2.

In accordance with our invention, the intertting molded members I, 2 are held in assembled relation by a stylus assembly which engages a tubular eyelet II attached to the cover member I by passing the eyelet through an aperture I2 in the cover I and flaring over the upper end I3 of the eyelet. A shoulder I4 spaced from the upper end of the eyelet II permits rigid attachment of the eyelet to the molded cover member I. The lower portion of the eyelet II eX- tends into a vertical opening, or receptacle, I5 provided in molded base member 2. Near its lower end eyelet II is provided with a circular indentation I6 adapted to receive and rmly hold a post, or shaft, I'I of the stylus assembly. The lower part of the post II is provided with an enlarged head I8 which engages the lower surface of base member 2 in the vicinity of aperture I5. Thus, when the post II is fully inserted into the eyelet, journal, or bearing I I, it is held rrnly by indentation I6 and clamps the members I, 2 in assembled relation. The eyelet I I, post I'I and head I8 form no part of the magnetic circuit of the pickup, but instead are constructed of a suitable non-magnetic material, such as brass.

The post I 'I also provides means for supporting a twisted cantilever arm I9. The arm I9 is in the form of a twisted ribbon of suitable resilient magnetic material, such as, for example, tool steel, and is rigidly secured at one end by soldering to a slot provided in the head I8 attached to the post I'I. At its other end, the arm I9 is provided with a stylus 20. Preferably, the stylus 20 i's of the semi-permanent type and may comprise, for example, a jewel such as a sapphire. The stylus 20 is mounted in a boss or collar 2| and the end of the arm I9 bearing stylus 2i) is positioned between pole pieces IIJ so that, as the stylus is vibrated upon engagement with a groove of a sound record to be reproduced, the vibrations of the stylus produce corresponding changes in the ux passing through pole pieces I0 and the yoke 5, 6 and laminations l associated with the coils 3.

We also provide means for orienting the stylus 20 and its magnetic cantilever arm I9 to assure that, when the stylus assembly comprising post I'I and cantilever arm I9 is replaced, the end of the cantilever arm bearing stylus 29 is positioned substantially midway between pole pieces Ill. This means comprises a guide 22 comprising a rectangular strip of suitable non-magnetic material, such as phosphor bronze, spaced from and. arranged parallel with cantilever arm I9. At one end, guide 22 is provided with an enlarged apertured circular portion 23 which is adapted to slip over post I'I and may be secured to the upper surface of head I8, as by soldering. At its other end, the guide 22 has a vertically extending portion 24 which extends between pole pieces I0 and is of a width substantially equal to the distance between these pole pieces. Guide forms no part of the magnetic circuit of the pickup, but instead is composed of a non-magnetic material so that it diverts none of the flux which passes between magnet 8 and pole pieces I I) via the ferromagnetic cantilever arm I9. A small block 25 of cellulose nitrate plastic or similar material positioned between guide 22 and the cantilever armV I9 at a point just forward of the twist between the ends of the cantilever arm provides sufficient damping to restrain the second mode of vibration of cantilever arm I9.

The pickup comprising the interfitting mem-- bers I, 2, is enclosed by means of a ferromagnetic metallic shield or case 26. The bottom wall of case 26, as well as the bottom portion of base member 2, are not parallel with the upper surface of cover member I, but are inclined at a slight angle thereto. Thus, the height of the pickup at the left-hand end adjacent stylus 29 is greater than the height at the right-hand end. These dimensions are made diierent so that, when the pickup is used in an automatic record changer of the type which plays successively different ones of a stack of records, when the last record is being played the pickup does not ride on the surface of the last record. Instead, only the stylus, which is at the lowest point of the pickup, rides upon the record and engages the grooves or sound track therein, For the same reason, cantilever arm I9 is inclined at a slight angle to the horizontal position. This is illustrated by the position of the dotted line representing the right-hand portion of cantilever arm I9 relative to head I8. Near its left-hand end, that is, the end bearing stylus 29, cantilever arm I9 is provided with a portion 21 which extends in a horizontal direction. Thus, the portion 2l lies in a horizontal plane and is inclined at a slight angle relative to the remainder of the cantilever arm I9. As a result, when a tone arm bearing our improved pickup is playing the last record in a stack of records, the portion 2'I of the cantilever arm is substantially parallel to the surface of the record. The remainder of the cantilever and the base of the pickup axis are inclined upwardly at a slight angle to the surface of such last record, thus assuring that no portion of the pickup other than the stylus itself engages the upper surface of such last record.

Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the pickup which illustrates the relative positions of coils 3, yokes 5, S, laminations 1, and permanent magnet Coils 3 are connected in series relation and are electrically connected by means of a pair of conductors 28 to output terminals 29. Terminals 29 are secured to base member 2 by means of rivets 39. The metallic case 25 is attached to the pickup assembly by means of a plurality of ears 3! which are bent over and t into recesses 32 provided in the upper surface of cover I. In order that the pickup may be attached to the pickup arm of a record player, we provide a pair of screws 33 which extend through aligned apertures in members I, 2.

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of the pickup and illustrates the relative positions of pole pieces IIS, guide 22, cantilever arm I9, and stylus 29. This figure, moreover, illustrates more clearly the construction of the cantilever I9. At its lefthand end, this cantilever is provided with an enlarged portion 34, or armature, to which the stylus 20 is attached, and below which the stylus engages the record to be played. The enlarged portion 34, however, is narrower in width than the guide 22, thus assuring that, when one stylus assembly is replaced by a new one, the stylus of the new assembly will be located substantially midway between pole pieces I0. Thus, the stylus may be changed easily and quickly by a relatively inexperienced person simply by inserting a suitable punch, such as the end of a paper clip, into eyelet I I to engage the upper end of rod II and forcing the entire stylus assembly out of the eye-let.k In assembling a" new-i stylus.. assembly,

pressure of,y onesnngers issuificient lt cauSetherodior p artf Il of the new assembly tobe held` securely by indentation Ib.- At: thesame time,

guide ,2n-automatically,-orientscantilever arm Iiiso that thestylus is positioned substantiallyl, 2 in which are located all the electric current` generating portions of thepiekup including the coils 3` and the associated magnetic structure.-

In the operation of the reluctance typevpick-v up described, the portion 3,4V of cantilever arm l is centered in the air gap betweentheg-Ypolel pieces lil and, when the stylus l is vibrated upon engagement withV the groove of a soundf record, the vibrations ofthe stylus produce corresponding changes in the flux passing throughthe portions of the yokes and laminationsw'l'within the two coils 3. When the stylusisl in its mid position, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, substantially the same amount of flux passes through' both cores. However, as soon as the stylus'is displaced toward one of the cores, a` greater amount of flux fic-ws in that core than' in the other, there being an increase of ux in the one core and a decrease in the other. It will thus be seen that the change of flux throughthe two cores. is in opposite directions, one increasing andv one decreasing. When the stylus is loaded within a predetermined range, for example, Withan unbalanced. load on the stylus' of the order'of onehalf ounce, the. characteristics ofthe pickup are linear and. the stylus follows the sound track accurately. Should the loading become excessive for` any reason, as for example if the pickup is hit or dropped, the stylus 2|! will recede within the centrally positioned aperture in the molded base member 2. The tips of pole pieces it. then engage the surface of the record to prevent further stressing of the cantilever arm. The stylus is thus prevented from damage and from overloading.

While we have described' a particular embodiment of our invention, other applications and arrangements will readily occur to those skilled in the art. We do not, therefore, desire our invention to be limited to the specific construe tion illustrated and described and we intend by the accompanying claims to cover all modiiications within the spirit and scope of our invention.

What we claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

l.. A phonograph pickup comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for securing said magnet to said member, a core structure, means for securing said core structure to said member in spaced relation to said magnet, means including said core structure and said magnet for forming a magnetic path having an air gap therein, a cantilever beam of' magnetic material included inY said path, a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus at one end thereof, means for positioning stylus substantially within said gap, means for rigidly supporting the other end of. said beam means for removably attaching and; retaining, said supporting means in engagement'with said supporting member.;

An electric translating;v device comprising. a

= net-means including said' core'structure and said end o f; saidbeam; toV` said post, said cantileverl benzine extendingbetween said magnet and said gap-and formingfaportion of said path, a stylus,

saidgbeam; including means for supporting` said` stylus entirelyV by; said beam at the other end;

thereofand: means; for positioning said stylus substantialy insaid gap, said positioning 1 meansbeing supported, by' said` post for aligning: the

* net, means includingsaid core structure and said f cantilever. beam, means for rigidly attaching one end: of; said` beam to said post, said cantilever beam. extending between. said magnetY and said gapeandforming aportion of said path, astylus, saldi beam including meansy for supporting said stylusrentirely by said. beam at the other end thereof.' and'. means for positioning said stylus substantially insaidgap, said positioning means comprising a: non-magnetic member supported byf said post. and extending into. said gap for orienting. said stylusrelative to said gap.

4-L Arphonograph pickup comprising a supportingimember,l a permanent magnet, means for supporting said magnet from said member, a core structure, means for supporting said core structure-vfromsaid: member in spaced relation to said mountingpost, and means for rigidly supporting t-he-v other end ofl said beam from said post, said post being constructed and arranged to plug into saidvreceptacle, whereby said stylus may be readily inserted into and removed from said air gap.

' 5`-. Anelectric translating device comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for" supporting saidf magnet from said member, ancore structure, means for supporting said core structurer-rom said member in spaced relation tosaidmagnet, means including said core structure and: saidA magnet for forming a magnetic path having an air gapY therein, a receptacle, means for positioning saidreceptacle on said supporting member at a .point outside said path, and a unitary stylus. subassembly comprising a supporting post constructed and arrangedto be plugged into said receptacle, a. ferromagnetic cantilever beam',

means-fior.rigidly attaching one end of said beam. t0:- sa-idr. post. said; cantilever; beam.y extending be-` tweensaid: magnetzand ,said gap; and forming. a.1

portion of said magnetic path, and a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus entirely by said beam at the other end thereof within said air gap.

6. An electric translating device comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for securing said magnet to said member, a core structure, means for securing said cores structure to said member in spaced relation to said magnet, means including said core structure and said magnet for forming a magnetic path having an air gap therein, a receptacle, means for securing said receptacle to said supporting member at a point outside of said path, and a unitary stylus subassembly comprising a supporting post constructed and arranged to be plugged into said receptacle, a ferromagnetic cantilever beam, means for rigidly attaching one end of same beam to said post, said cantilever beam being arranged to extend between said magnet and said gap and to form a portion of said magnetic path, a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus entirely by said beam at the other end thereof, and means comprising an elongated member supported by said post for aligning the position of said stylus relative to said air gap.

'7. An electric translating device comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for supporting said magnet from said member, a core structure, means for supporting said core structure from said member in spaced relation to said magnet, said core structure and said magnet forming a magnetic path having an air gap therein, a receptacle, means for positioning said receptacle on said supporting member at a point outside of said path, and a unitary stylus subassembly comprising a supporting post constructed and arranged to be plugged into said receptacle, a ferromagnetic cantilever beam, means for rigidly attaching one end of said beam to said post, said cantilever beam being arranged to extend between said magnet and said gap and to form a portion of said magnetic path, a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus entirely by said beam at the other end thereof, a rigid non-magnetic member, and means for maintaining said non-magnetic member in spaced parallel relation to said cantilever beam, said nonmagnetic member having one end thereof supported by said post, the free other end of said non-magnetic member being constructed and arranged closely to fit within said air gap, thereby to orient said stylus relative to said air gap.

8. An electric translating device comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for supporting said magnet from said member, a core structure, means for supporting said core structure from said member in spaced relation to said magnet, said core structure and said magnet forming a magnetic path having an air gap therein, a receptacle, means for positioning said receptacle on said supporting member at a pointy outside of said path, a unitary stylus subassembly comprising a supporting post constructed and arranged to be plugged into said receptacle, a ferromagnetic cantilever beam, means for rigidly attaching one end of said beam to said post, said` cantilever beam being arranged to extend be-y tween said magnet and said gap and to form a portion of said magnetic path, a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus entirely by said beam at the other end thereof, a rigid non-magnetic member, means for main-- taining said non-magnetic member in spaced parallel relation to said cantilever beam, saidl non-magnetic member having one end thereof supported by said post, the free other end of said non-magnetic member being constructed and arranged closely to fit Within said air gap, thereby to orient said stylus relative to said air gap, damping means, and means for positioning said damping means between said non-magnetic member and said cantilever beam, thereby to restrain undesired vibrations of said beam.

9. An electric translating device comprising a supporting member, a permanent magnet, means for supporting said magnet from said member, a core structure, means for supporting said core structure from said member in spaced relation to said magnet, said core structure and said magnet forming a magnetic path having an air gap therein, a receptacle, means for positioning said receptacle on said supporting member at a point outside of said path, and a unitary stylus subassembly comprising a supporting post constructed and arranged to be plugged into said receptacle, a ferromagnetic cantilever beam, means for rigidly attaching one end of said beam to said post, said cantilever beam being arranged to extend between said magnet and said gap and to form a portion of said magnetic path, a stylus, said beam including means for supporting said stylus entirely by said beam at the other end thereof within said air gap, and means providing access to said receptacle from the top of said supporting member, whereby said stylus assembly may be quickly detached by forcing said post from within said receptacle.

l0. A unitary plug-in stylus assembly for a phonograph pickup comprising a vertically disposed supporting post, an elongated flexible cantilever arm of magnetic material, means for securing one end of said arm to said post and for positioning said arm with its principal axis extending substantially horizontally, a stylus, means at the free other end of said arm for entirely supporting said stylus, said stylus being and arranged to be vibrated by the sound track of a record, an armature, means for positioning said armature above said stylus at the free end of said arm, said armature being arranged for cooperation with the stationary pole pieces of the pickup, said flexible arm having suicient compliance substantially to prevent transmission of the vibrations of said armature to said supporting post, a stylus orienting member, and means for supporting said orienting member from said post.

1l. A unitary plug-in stylus assembly for a phonograph pickup comprising a vertically disposed supporting post, an elongated flexible cantilever arm of magnetic material, means for securing one end of said arm to said post and for positioning said arm with its principal axis extending substantially horizontally, a stylus, means at the free other end of said arm for entirely supporting said stylus, said stylus being arranged to be vibrated by the sound track of a record, an armature, means for positioning said armature above said stylus at the free end of said arm, said armature being arranged for cooperation with the stationary pole pieces of the pickup, said flexible arm having suiicient compliance substantially to prevent transmission of the vibrations of said armature to said supporting post, stylus orienting means, means for supporting said orienting means from said post, said orientin-g means comprising a rigid non-magnetic member spaced from and arranged substantially parallel with said arm, damping means,

and means `l`for positioning said damping `4means vbetvveen said rigid member and said arm.

12. A unitary plug-in lstylus assembly for ia phonograph pickup comprising a vertically disposed supporting post, an elongated `iexible cantilever arm of magnetic material, means 'for securing one end of said arm to said postand-for positioning said arm with its `principal axis extending substantially horizontally, a stylus,

means at-the free other end-of said arm`for en-A tirely supporting said stylus, said stylus-being arranged to be vibrated bythe -soundftraek-o'f a record, an armature, means for positioning-said armature abovesaid stylus at the-free end-lof said arm, said armature being-'arranged for cooperation with the stationary pole pieces/'of lthe-pickup, said iiexible arm having lsuiiicient-ccmpliance substantially to preventtransmissionofthe vibrations of said armature to Ysaid supporting post, Vstylus orienting means, means'for ysupporting -said orienting means from said post said orienting means comprising a rigid non-magnetic member spaced from and arrangedsubstantially parallel with said arm., dampingmeans, Ameans for pcsitioningsaid damping means-between said rigid member andsaid arm, the free end of said non-magnetic member being of Agreater width than said armature to protect said armature and stylus during the insertion into and removal from the pickup of said stylus assembly.

13. The combination, ina phonograph pickup i of the frelucta'ncetype,fof1acarrier member having a magnet supported therein, a1: core-istructure includingtmeansfor for-ming anlairfgap, and an attachment means, means `for maintaining said magnet-air gap and attachment meansin alignment, -a-removable stylus assembly comprising a cantilever beam having-at -one-I end a second attachment means, said secondattachment means being arranged to cooperate With said rst attachment means, a stylus, means securing said stylus to thel other-end-of said beam,saidibeam extending from saidairgap past'said'magnetto said attachment means and-being composed of magneticl material to-carr-yuux` from said magnet through said air gap to said core structure, and a coil on said core structure arranged to have electromotive force induced therein in response to vibrations of said stylus and lever, said rst and second attachment means comprising cooperating members arranged for disengagement in response to disengaging force readily applied by the hand.

14. The combination, in a phonograph pickup, of a core structure having a horizontal air gap substantially parallel to the surface of the record to be played and a magnet spaced therefrom, a cantilever beam of magnetic material, a supporting means, means securing one end of said beam to said supporting means, said beam being arranged to extend from said air gap past said magnet, a stylus, means for securing said stylus to said beam near said air gap, whereby horizontal vibrations produced by cooperation of the stylus with a record cause flux variations in said core structure, said supporting means comprising a pair of cooperating members one fixed to said magnet and core structure and the other fixed to said cantilever beam, said cooperating members having friction engagement means to permit said cantilever beam, said stylus and said one member all to be readily detached from said pickup when replacement of said stylus is required.

15. A phonograph pickup stylus assembly com- 10 'aliasing anfattachmentiimeans for detachatlyfsecuring said assembly tofaf pickup head, tvvofcan- Htilever beamsfmeans v'for aixing one 'endfof-eac'h of saidbe'amstovsaidlattachment m'eansso as Ito project radially therefrom, i a stylus, :means for --allixingfs'aid stylus tof-'one ofisaid beamsllne'ar'its `other end, and `:means comprising "the-'otherffof 'said beams for providing an 'indexing lmeans ling means 1 being i arranged ifor I engagement with a cooperating indexing .means llocated fon said head.

'i1-6. A quick-replaceable stylusfs'ubassemblyfor -usein-aphonograph 'pickuphead having fa socket lmember therein, comprising iin combination, ia pin constructed and arranged to 'be inserted axial-1y into said member, a' cantilever arm,v means -for securing one end of -said arm to sai'd'pin, Isai'd arm having a iree endradiallyy disposed'vvith respect to 'the axis of said pin, astyIusAmeanSf-for mounting said vstyluson Asaidfarm near its free end, alsecond cantilever arm, meansrior securing one end of said second-'arm to said'- pin, saidl second` arm also having a free en'd radially disposed with respect to the axis of lsaid pin, anfindexirig means, and means for supporting'fsaid indexing means onsaid secondfarm near itsfree endfsa'id indexing means being arranged Ato engage'fsai'd pickup head to prevent rotation'o'fsaid subassembly when saidpinisinsertedinto"said iirs't socket member and When-isaida'rms'iare -in predetervmined angular positions.

17. A quick-replaceable 'stylussubassemblyior use in phonograph'pickup head `provided Witha socket member,said head beingfoff'the'variable-reluctance type including VVa pair ofspace'd'fple pieces, comprising 1Ain combination, -a #pin-constructed and arranged 'to jbe retained lin Ysaid socket member when -inserted axially ftherein, fa cantilever arm of magnetic'materialfmeansfor aiiixing said arm 'atro'ne endto said pin, -sa-idfarm lying in a transverse plane intersecting the ax'is `of :the pin, `said arm forming -a vportion vrof'the magnetic circuit of said headlvvheni-itsrf-reefend lis'positioned-betvveen saidpole pieces, a stylus, 1means;forlmouritingsaid stylusfcnrsaidlarmnear its free end, a strip of non-magnetic material, means for aixing said strip at one end to said pin so as to extend from said pin in a second transverse plane, said strip having an end portion at its free end arranged for close engagement With a slot in said head when said pin is inserted into said socket member and when said arm is aligned so that its free end lies between said pole pieces.

18. A removable stylus subassembly for use in a phonograph pickup head having a transverse journal member therein, comprising a supporting shaft adapted to be inserted axially into said member, a cantilever stylus arm, said arm having one end aixed to an end of said shaft so that said arm projects substantially radially from said shaft, a cantilever indexing arm, said indexing arm having one end also affixed to said shaft near said end so that said indexing arm is spaced from and substantially parallel to said stylus arm, a phonograph stylus, and means for mounting said stylus on said stylus arm near is free end.

19. A removable stylus subassembly for use in a phonograph pickup head having a transverse journal member therein, comprising a supporting shaft adapted to be inserted axially into said member, a cantilever stylus arm, said arm having one end rigidly attached to an end of said shaft sothat said arm projects substantially .radially from said shaft, a cantilever indexing arm, said indexing arm having one end also rigidly attached to said shaft near said end so that said indexing armV is spaced from and substantially parallel to said stylus arm, a phonograph stylus, means for mounting said stylus on said stylus arm near its free end, a damping block of .resilient material arranged to be tted between Abearing member therein, said subassembly comprising a supporting shaft adapted to be received axially and supported by said bearing member, a cantilever stylus arm, said arm being affixed to said supporting shaft and projecting substantially radially from said supporting shaft, an indexing arm also afxed to said supporting shaft and projecting substantially radially therefrom in parallel spaced relation to said cantilever stylus arm and adapted to cooperate with said pickup head to position said stylus arm as said support is inserted into said bearing member, and a stylus affixed to said stylus arm for cooperation with a phonographrecord.

21. A removable stylus subassembly for use in va magnetic pickup head having a transverse bearing member and a pair of pole pieces, said subassembly comprising a supporting member adapted to be received axially and supported by y said bearing member, a resilient magnetic cantilever stylus arm and a guide member each affixed to said supporting member and each projecting substantially radially therefrom, in parallel spaced relation with each other, said guide mem- ,ber being adapted to cooperate with said pickup head to position said stylus arm between said pole pieces when said support is inserted in said bearing member, and a stylus affixed to said resilient .magnetic stylus arm for cooperation with a phonograph record.

22. A removable stylus subassembly for use in a phonograph pickup head having a transverse bearing member therein, said subassembly coniprising a supporting shaft adapted to be inserted into said bearing member, a resilient cantilever stylus arm, said arm being afxed to an end of said shaft and projecting substantially radially therefrom, a cantilever indexing arm affixed to said shaft near said end and projecting therefrom substantially parallel to said resilient stylus arm, a stylus carried by said stylus arm, and a damping block between and in contact with both of said arms.

23. A removable stylus subassembly for use in a phonograph pickup head having a transverse bearing member and a pair of pole pieces spaced therefrom, said subassembly comprising a supporting shaft adapted to be received and supported in said bearing member, a cantilever stylus arm and a guide arm each aixed at one end of said support and projecting in the same radial direction but in different planes therefrom, said guide arm being wider than said stylus arm and adapted to cooperate with said pickup head to guide said stylus arm between said pole pieces as said supporting shaft is received in said bearing member, said stylus arm having a stylus mounted thereon for cooperation with a phonograph record.

f ERIC O. PETERSON.

CARROLL R. MllNER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,835,073 McClatche Dec. 8, 1931 1,944,258 Mitchell Jan. 23, 1934 2,110,092 Norton Mar. 1, 1938 2,224,332 Alsbrook Dec. 10, 1940 2,271,899 Miller Feb. 3, 1942 2,320,416 Dally June 1, 1943 2,325,343 Semple July 27, 1943 2,363,497 Begun Nov. 28, 1944 2,494,438 Gilbert Jan. 10, 1950 

